Active Directory Basics
Step 4 — Create Organizational Units
In this step, you will create a realistic Organizational Unit (OU) structure based on branch location.
This mirrors how Active Directory is commonly structured in production environments, especially in banks and multi-site organizations.
In production, OUs are designed around policy and delegation boundaries — not just object type. Location-based OUs make it easier to apply Group Policy, troubleshoot issues, and delegate access.
1. Open Active Directory Users and Computers
- Log into the domain controller
- Open the Start Menu
- Search for and open Active Directory Users and Computers
2. Locate the Domain Root
- In the left pane, expand your domain (e.g.,
lab.local) - This top-level container is the domain root
You will create a top-level OU to represent organizational structure, rather than placing objects directly at the root.
3. Create the _Branches OU
- Right-click the domain root
- Select New → Organizational Unit
- Name the OU
_Branches - Ensure Protect container from accidental deletion is checked
- Select OK
4. Create a Branch OU
You will now create an OU for a specific branch. In a real environment, each physical location would have its own OU.
- Right-click the
_BranchesOU - Select New → Organizational Unit
- Name the OU after a branch (e.g.,
Houston) - Ensure Protect container from accidental deletion is checked
- Select OK
5. Create Sub-OUs for the Branch
Within each branch, separate users and devices to allow targeted policy and easier troubleshooting.
- Right-click the branch OU (e.g.,
Houston) - Select New → Organizational Unit
- Name the OU
Users - Repeat to create
WorkstationsandLaptops - Ensure accidental deletion protection is enabled on each OU
6. Verify the OU Structure
- Confirm the OUs exist and are nested correctly
- Your structure should look similar to this:
_Branches
└── Houston
├── Users
├── Workstations
└── LaptopsWhy Not _Users or _Computers?
In small labs, you may see flat OUs like _Users or_Computers. In production environments, OUs are almost always organized around policy boundaries such as branch location.
This approach scales better and reflects how Active Directory is managed in real organizations.
Important Notes
- Avoid placing users or computers in default containers
- Group Policy is applied at the OU level, not containers
- This structure will be used heavily in upcoming steps
Checkpoint
- _Branches OU exists at the domain root
- A branch OU (e.g., Houston) exists
- Users, Workstations, and Laptops sub-OUs exist
- Accidental deletion protection is enabled
If this looks correct, you’re ready to start creating users and joining machines to the domain.